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Blockchain fundamentals

Integer precision and rounding

Contracts use finite integer arithmetic and decimal scaling.

Reference note · Sources below

Research articles and reference entries are published in English. Navigation is available in seven languages.

In this article
  1. Overview
  2. Why it matters
  3. What to check
  4. Sources

Overview

Contracts use finite integer arithmetic and decimal scaling.

Why it matters

Repeated rounding or conversion order can move value.

What to check

Reproduce calculations with raw units.

Sources

Related reading

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EIP-4844 blobs provide temporary data space priced apart from execution gas.

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