Fundamentos de blockchain
Replace-by-fee: an unconfirmed payment is not final settlement
Mempool replacement policy and blockchain consensus are different things.
Investigação · História · Referências
Todas as entradas A–Z · 12 / 15
438 · Artigos e referências
Métodos de investigação
Reserve assets and liabilities: the missing half of a solvency claim
Showing controlled assets cannot establish which customers and creditors have competing claims on them.
Infraestrutura e propriedade · 2020 onward
Rollups: execution is only one part of the security model
Separate transaction ordering, state verification, data availability and the user’s ability to exit.
História cripto
Ronin validator compromise
The 2022 Ronin theft followed compromise of enough validator keys to authorise bridge withdrawals.
História cripto
Ronin: bridge theft and attribution
A documented attribution should identify the authority making it and the incident it covers.
História cripto
RPOW: reusable tokens and the hardware trust boundary
Hal Finney’s 2004 experiment made proof-of-work tokens reusable through an attested server, with a different trust model from Bitcoin.
Tipos de fraude
Rug pulls: identify which control caused the loss
Liquidity removal, insider selling and abusive contract permissions are different mechanisms.
História cripto
SafeMoon: the liquidity claim, conviction and 2026 sentence
The legal record concerns access to supposedly locked liquidity and diversion of investor assets.
Estrutura de mercado
SAFT discounts and public-market asymmetry
Private token agreements grant prices and information unavailable to public buyers.
Fundamentos da Web
Same-origin policy: the browser's boundary between sites
Scheme, host and port determine which documents share an origin.
Bitcoin: recuperação e Lightning
Schnorr and MuSig2: several signers, one Bitcoin signature
Compact signatures change what is visible on-chain, not the need for a sound custody policy.
Tipos de fraude
Search-ad poisoning
A paid search result places a clone above the real exchange or protocol.
Investigação MASTR
SecondFi: wallet reputation and incident communication
The archived analysis and today's official guidance answer different questions.
Tipos de fraude
Seed-phrase harvesting
A website, chat or fake recovery tool asks for the words that derive every wallet key.
Carteiras e segurança
Selective blacklists
An administrator blocks chosen holders while related wallets exit.
Estrutura de mercado
Self-trade volume
Accounts under shared control create prints without changing economic ownership.
Fundamentos da Web
Service workers: why a web app can show yesterday’s interface
The page, its cache and its network data can be on different versions. A successful deployment does not update every open tab immediately.
Fundamentos da Web
Session theft: account access without another password prompt
An authenticated session can become a separate credential worth protecting and revoking.
Carteiras e segurança
Sign-In with Ethereum: what a login signature actually opens
Read the domain, the challenge and the session before treating a signature as a harmless login.
Carteiras e segurança
Signed permits: a message can authorise spending
Paying no gas does not make a signature harmless.
KOLs e promoção
Similar balances do not prove coordinated entry
Tables sorted by current holdings can create a misleading visual pattern.
Tipos de fraude
Simulation spoofing
A frontend shows a reassuring preview that differs from execution.
Estrutura de mercado
Slippage, price impact and the price you actually receive
A displayed quote is not a completed trade.